41
Le Charroi de Nîmes, ed. J.-L. Perrier, CFMA (Paris: Champion, 1968).
42
La Chanson de Floovant, ed. F. H. Bateson (Loughborough; privately printed, 1938).
43
La Mort Aymeri de Narbonne, ed. J. Couraye du Parc (Paris: SATF, 1884).
44
Smith, «Temas carolingios», pp. 146-49. Quotations are from the edition by Mario Eusebi, Testi e documenti di letteratura moderna, 6 (Milan: Istituto Editoriale Cisalpino, 1963).
45
The problems of seeking specific source for material which is formulaic are examined in Hook, «The PMC and the Old French Epic». It is suggested there that unless a formula is confined to a single French poem, or is marked by some peculiarity common only to a single French version and the PMC, there can be no question of identifying specific sources for a formula. Needless to say, the «peculiarity» alluded to must be a substantial one and not a minor verbal detail. Thus the presence in Florence and the PMC of veïst/veriedes in this line is less significant, given the frequency of such expressions in battle scenes, than the absence from Florence of the detail of cutting the ropes.
46
Girart de Roussillon, ed. W. Mary Hackett, 3 vols. (Paris: SATF, 1953-55). Smith also claims that Girart was used by the PMC poet («Temas carolingios», pp. 142-45), so it is difficult to see why espes was, in his view, borrowed from Florence rather than Girart. But the occurrence of the word in other poems too, suggests that to seek a specific source is futile.
47
Poema de Mio Cid, 12th ed.. Clásicos Castellanos (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1968), n. to l. 1644.
48
Cf. Menéndez Pidal, Cantar de Mio Cid, I, 15-16: «las palabras el el Romanz, etc., están añadidas después de hecha la copia»
. Subsequent editors of the poem, including Smith, have accepted that this jingle is in a different hand from the rest of the manuscript.
49
Libro de Apolonio, ed. C. Carroll Marden, Elliott Monographs in the Romance Languages and Literatures, 6, I (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press; Paris: E. Champion, 1917), st. 1c, and Gonzalo de Berceo, Obras completas, III, ed. Brian Dutton: El duelo de la Virgen. Los himnos. Los loores de Nuestra Señora. Los signos del juicio final (London: Tamesis, 1975), Los loores, l. 232b.
50
«La métrica del PMC: nuevas posibilidades», NRFH, 28 (1979), 30-56, at p. 46, n. 29.