1
Acuña's letter and reactions to it are reproduced in Rosario de Acuña 19-23.
2
Valuable studies, which afford general overviews of Acuña's work, are those by José Bolado, Luciano Castañón, Elvira María Pérez-Manso, and María del Carmen Simón Palmer.
3
See, for example, María Dolores Ramos and Pedro F. Álvarez Lázaro.
4
For this differentiation between «moderates» and «progressives», see Inman Fox 38.
5
With Rienzi el Tribuno Acuña is catapulted to fame more or less overnight. In contrast, El padre Juan brings her notoriety for its criticism of the Church. It arouses such controversy that, after its opening night, all further performances are forbidden (see Simón Palmer, «Introducción» 26-29, 32-34).
6
Álvarez Junco notes that «la canonización del conflicto de 1808-14 como Guerra de la Independencia, acabó dando lugar a un mito nacional casi perfecto, porque, tras ser una creación liberal, acabó sobrevolando por encima de los partidismos políticos... Terminada victoriosamente aquella contienda, se convertiría a lo largo del siglo en el fundamento más sólido del orgullo colectivo y en piedra angular de la mitología con la que se aureolaba el Estado nacional en formación»
(144).
7
Published between 1850 and 1867, these thirty volumes consolidate the notion of a Spanish people defined by permanent characteristics and linked to a specific geographical location or nation, and provide countless themes for the creation of a national art and opera (Álvarez Junco 203-04, 251, 260). It is relevant that Lafuente writes his Historia in the interests of the middle class to correct perceived prejudices and errors in recent French histories of Spain (Fox 39-40).
8
Regarding Capmany, see Álvarez Junco 136-38.
9
Álvarez Junco observes that by 1820, the beginning of the three-year period of the Liberal Constitution, the term «pueblo» is synonymous with nation, in the sense of «el común de ciudadanos que, sin gozar de particulares distinciones, rentas ni empleos, vive de sus oficios»
(139).
10
Likewise, Inés exhorts Pedro: «[¡]y al noble son de tus cantares patrios / lucha como español en las murallas!»
(Amor 24).