BOFARULL Y SANS, F. de, «Antiguos y nuevos datos referentes al bibliófilo francés Juan de Francia, Duque de Berry», Revista de ciencias históricas, v (1887), pp. 22-60; see also RUBIÓ I LLUCH, A., «Joan I humanista i el primer periode de l'humanisme català», Estudis Universitaris Catalans, X (1917-1918) (published 1919), pp. 1-117 (8-9). In tracing the route taken by the Libro de astromagia from Spain to France, it should be borne in mind that the Duke of Berry was not the only member of the French royal family with whom the Aragonese monarch corresponded about his love of books. There are also the letters between Joan I and King Charles VI of France; and we should, for instance, give some thought to the controversy over whether it was Abraham Cresques's Catalan Atlas which was given to Charles VI by Joan I, as some scholars have maintained (for a discussion of this question see AVRIL, F. et al., Manuscrits enluminés de la Péninsule ibérique, Paris, 1982, p. 98).

RUBIÓ I LLUCH, A., Documents per l'historia de la cultura catalana mig.eval, I, Barcelona, 1908, p. 8; idem, «Joan I humanista i el primer periode de l'humanisme català», p. 14. Other relevant information is also available. For example, in both the French and Aragonese courts at this time, astronomy was included in medical training: see LEMAY, R., pp. 200-204; CARDONER Y PLANAS, A., Historia de la medicina a la Corona de Aragón, 1162-1479, Barcelona, 1973, p. 209; idem, «La medicina astrológica durante el siglo XIV en la Corona de Aragón», in Actes du IXe Congrès International d'Histoire des Sciences, Barcelona and Paris, 1960, pp. 341-346; COMENGE I FERRER, L., La medicina en el Reino de Aragón. Siglo XIV, Valladolid, 1974, pp. 76-81. See also CHABÀS, J., (with the collaboration of A. Roca and X. Rodríguez), «L'Astronomia de Jacob ben David Bonjorn», Arxiu de les Seccions de Ciències, CIV (1992), Barcelona, pp. 23-28. On Charles V's interest in astrology see JOURDAIN, C., «Nicolas Oresme et les astrologues de la cour de Charles V», Revue des questions historiques, XVIII (1875), pp. 136-159 (also in idem, Excursions historiques et philosophiques à travers le moyen âge, Paris, 1888; reproduction Frankfurt am Main, 1966); THORNDIKE, III, pp. 585-589; and LAIRD, E., «Astrology in the Court of Charles V of France, as Reflected in Oxford, St. John's College, ms. 164», Manuscripta, XXXIV (1990), pp. 167-176.

PHARES, S. de, Recueil des plus celebres astrologues et quelques hommes doctes, édition of E. Wickersheimer, Paris, 1929, p. 228: «Il eut en merveilleuse recommandacion les astrologiens et se gouverna par eux».

«... quals dies e quant dels mesos de febrer, març, e abril serien bons a entrar la duquesa en el principat de Catalunya, e axí mateix a fer bodes», Barcelona, Archivo de la Corona de Aragón, Reg. Y, 766, fol. 50, quoted by Rubió i Lluch; see also SANPERE Y MIQUEL, S., Las costumbres catalanas en tiempo de Juan I, Gerona, 1878, part 3; and ROCA, J. M., «Johan I d'Aragó», Memorias de la Real Academia de Buenas Letras, XI (1929), Barcelona, pp. 363-415 («Johan I i les supersticions»). A large number of works on astrology and magic had been accumulated in the Aragonese royal collection, as can be seen from the inventory of books of King Martí I of Aragon (died 1410): see MASSÓ Y TORRENTS, J., «Inventari dels béns mobles del rey Martí d'Aragó», Revue hispanique, XII (1905), pp. 413-590; and also CHABÀS, pp. 28-37.

EIXIMENIS, F., Dotzè del chrestiá, chap. 466, entitled «Que han dit alguns dels regnes presents e de lur durada e de novell imperi» («What some people have said about the present kingdoms and their duration, and on the new empire»): «... Dien encara que, açò fet, tota potestat reial cessarà en lo món, sinó solament la casa de França, qui durarà llongament...» (RUBIÓ I LLUCH, p. 18, n. 2). See also GUADALAJARA MEDINA, J., Las profecías del Anticristo en la Edad Media, Madrid, 1996, pp. 206-216 (212). Pere Bohigas, however, points out that people who denounced Eiximenis's prophecy cannot be referring to this chapter, since, as stated in its title, Eiximenis only reproduces prophecies current in his own time (this is further demonstrated by the fact that he devotes the following chapters, 467-472, to denying them): see BOHIGAS I BALAGUER, P., «Profecies catalanes dels segles XIV i XV. Assaig bibliogràfic», Butlletí de la Biblioteca de Catalunya, VI (1925), pp. 24-49 (35-37); and also POU I MARTÍ, J. M., Visionarios, beguinos y fraticelos catalanes (siglos XIII-XV), Madrid, 1991, 2.ª edition, pp. 291-292.

«Si por ventura [Eiximenis] se resistiera a obedecer la orden basándose en que lo dicho lo ha encontrado por arte de astronomía, nos place que le digáis venga a nuestra presencia en completa seguridad y en toda libertad para que nos demuestre las conclusiones del juicio que según dicha arte ha hecho, pues sobre todas las cosas está la Divina providencia a la que todo príncipe católico ha de someterse». Letter from Joan I dated 17 November 1391: Barcelona, Archivo de la Corona de Aragón, Reg. 1962, fol. 3, traduction Sanpere, Las costumbres catalanas en tiempo de Juan I, p. 167, n. 1. See also BOHIGAS, P., «Prediccions i profecies en les obres de Fra Francesc Eiximenis», Franciscalia, Barcelona, 1928, pp. 23-38 (now in his Aportació a l'estudi de la literatura catalana, Montserrat, 1982, pp. 94, esp. 107-108). On the excuses offered by Eiximenis and the exchange of letters in this respect, see TASIS, R., Joan I, el rei caçador i músic, Barcelona, 1959, p. 212.

See MILLÁS VALLICROSA, J. M., Las tablas astronómicas del rey D. Pedro el Ceremonioso, Madrid and Barcelona, 1962, pp. 123-124; SAMSÓ, J., «Alfonso X y los orígenes de la astrología hispánica», in VERNET, J. (ed.), Estudios sobre historia de la ciencia árabe, Barcelona, 1980, pp. 81-114; CHABÀS, pp. 16-23.

The traditional view of Sancho's very limited literary patronage must, however, be reconsidered in light of KINKADE, R. P., «Sancho IV: Puente literario entre Alfonso X y Don Juan Manuel», PMLA, LXXXVII (1972), pp. 1039-1051 (I thank Professor Alan Deyermond for this reference).

A copy of the Libro conplido en los iudizios de las estrellas was in Pere I V's library in 1359 and was translated into Catalan in 1386: see VERNET, J., «Tradición e innovación en la ciencia medieval», in Oriente e occidente nel medioevo: filosofia e scienze, Rome, 1971, p. 751, now in his Estudios sobre historia de la ciencia medieval, Barcelona, 1979, p. 183. It has further been shown that the treatise on astrology by Bartolomeu de Tresbens, commissioned by Pere el Cerimoniós, is a summary of books IV and V of the Libro conplido: see TRESBENS, Bartolomeu de, Tractat de astrologia, edition of J. Vernet and D. Romano, Barcelona, 1957-1958. Abenragel's manual seems to have been translated into French at the court of Charles V: see DE PHARES, p. 228. Gerold Hilty's edition of the Spanish version comprises only the first five chapters in the Arabic version; see Aly Abenragel, El libro conplido en los iudizios de las estrellas, edition of G. Hilty, Madrid, 1954. Later, Guy Beaujouan found the eighth chapter of the Spanish version in the library of the Cathedral of Segovia, ms. B 388, olim 115 (15th century): see his «Manuscrits scientifiques médiévaux de la Cathédrale de Ségovie», in Actes du XIè Congrès Internacional d'Histoire des Sciences, III, Warsaw, 1968, pp. 15-18 (now in his Science médiévale dEspagne e d'alentour, Aldershot, 1992). This chapter has been edited recently by VICENTE GARCÍA, L. M., («La astrología en el cristianismo y en la literatura medieval castellana. Edición de la octava parte inédita del Libro conplido en los juyzios de las estrellas», Ph.D. diss., UCLA, 1989), but his study is unreliable: even a later 17th-century copy of it seems to have escaped his notice (Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana ms. Barb. lat. 4363, for which see JONES, H. G., Hispanic Manuscripts and Printed Booh in the Barberini Collection, I, Vatican City 1978, p. 189). Finally, the sixth chapter of the Spanish version is partially preserved in Valladolid, Colegio de Santa Cruz, ms. 253, olim 78 (14th century); see the description by ALONSO CORTÉS, M. N., Catálogo de manuscritos de la Biblioteca de Santa Cruz, Valladolid, 1976, pp. 196-198, and also FAULHABER, C. and NITTI, J. K. in La Corónica, XI.2 (1983), p. 290; but they all seem unaware that the discovery was made by BEAUJOUAN, Annuaire 1967-1968 de l'École Pratique des Hautes Études. IVe section: sciences historiques et philologiques, p. 352).

On the documented gift of a «book of Marco Polo» from Joan I to Jean de Berry see DE BOFARULL Y SANS, p. 44, n. 2 and p. 53.