The Legend of Rodrick, Last of the Visigoth Kings, and the Ermanarich Cycle (Heidelberg, 1923), p. 5.

«Remarks Concerning the Historical Account of Spanish Epic Origins», RH, 81, part 1 (1933), 352-77, at pp. 367-68. Cf. Morton W. Bloomfield, Essays and Interpretations: Studies in Ideas, Language and Literature (Harvard U. Press, 1970), 101-02.

Mary Huse Eastman, Index to Fairy Tales, Myths and Legends (2nd ed., Boston, 1926), is very different both in coverage and in method.

For the Poema de Fernán González, María Rosa Lida de Malkiel, in a review of an edition of the poem, Nueva revista de filología hispánica, 3 (1949), 182-85; and four articles by J. P. Keller, «Inversion of the Prison Episodes in the Poema de Fernán González», HR, 22 (1954), 253-63, «The Hunt and Prophecy Episode of the Poema de Fernán González», HR, 23 (1955), 251-58, «El misterioso origen de Fernán González», Nueva revista de filología hispánica, 10 (1956), 41-44, and «The Structure of the Poema de Fernán González», HR, 25 (1957), 235-46. See also Joaquín Gimeno Casalduero, «Sobre la composición del Poema de Fernán González», Anuario de estudios medievales, 5 (1968), 181-206. For the Mocedades de Rodrigo, A. D. Deyermond, Epic Poetry and the Clergy: Studies on the Mocedades de Rodrigo (London, 1969), 86-91 and 177-82. For the Condesa traidora, J. E. Plumpton, «An Historical Study of the Legend of Garcí Fernández» (St. Andrews B. Phil. diss., 1962); Miss Plumpton is not primarily concerned with this epic's folklore connections, but she amplifies considerably the information given in R. Menéndez Pidal, Historia y epopeya (Madrid, 1934), pp. 5-27, and has interesting discussions of four motifs. In the related field of ballads, there is still no Spanish equivalent of Lowry C. Wimberly's pioneer Folklore in the English and Scottish Ballads (U. of Chicago Press, 1928), but considerable progress has been made. It is to be hoped that Hugh N. Seay's U. of North Carolina dissertation, «A Classification of Motifs in the Traditional Ballads of Spain» (1958), will soon be revised for publication, but meanwhile we have the valuable motif-index included by Samuel G. Armistead and Joseph H. Silverman in Judeo-Spanish Ballads from Bosnia (U. of Pennsylvania Press, 1971), which appeared while the present article was in press.

Daniel R. Barnes, «Folktale Morphology and the Structure of Beowulf», Speculum, 45 (1970), 416-34.

Rhys Carpenter, Folk Tale, Fiction and Saga in the Homeric Epics (Sather Classical Lectures XX, U. of California Press, 1946, repr. 1962).

We have confined our investigation to heroic epic, and within this field we have excluded hypothetical works for whose existence there is no satisfactory evidence (e. g. El rey Rodrigo, Covadonga). Where a verse text is incomplete or no longer extant, we have used two early vernacular chronicles which prosify epics: the Estoria de España, or Primera crónica general, of Alfonso X (PCG), and the Crónica geral de Espanha de 1344, of Pedro, Conde de Barcelos (Cr. 1344). We have, however, treated the versions in these two chronicles as separate texts, and have made no attempt to conflate the numerous versions in other chronicles so as to produce a fuller account with more motifs, since such a conflated text may not correspond to any version that existed in the Middle Ages. We have used the following editions: Cantar de Mio Cid (CMC), Menéndez Pidal's paleographic text in vol. III of his ed. (3rd., Madrid, 1954-6). Mocedades de Rodrigo (MR), Menéndez Pidal, Reliquias de la poesía épica española (Madrid, 1951). Roncesvalles, ed. Jules Horrent (Paris, 1951). Poema de Fernán González (PFG), ed. A. Zamora Vicente (2nd ed., Madrid, 1954), supplemented by chronicle texts. For Bernardo del Carpio (BC), Cantar de Sancho II (Sancho), Condesa traidora (CT), Romanz del Infant García (IG) and Siete Infantes de Lara (SIL), we have used the chronicle texts: PCG, ed. Menéndez Pidal (2nd ed., vol. II, Madrid, 1955), and Cr. 1344, ed. L. F. Lindley Cintra (vol. III, Lisbon, 1961).

Thomas R. Hart, «Hierarchical Patterns in the Cantar de Mio Cid», Romamic Review, 53 (1962), 161-73; Peter N. Dunn, «Theme and Myth in the Poema de Mio Cid», Romania, 83 (1962), 348-69, and «Levels of Meaning in the Poema de Mio Cid», MLN, 85 (1970), 109-19; Cesáreo Bandera Gómez, El poema de Mio Cid: Poesía, historia, mito (Madrid, 1969); Eugene Dorfman, The Narreme in the Medieval Romance Epic: An Introduction to Narrative Structures (U. of Toronto Press, 1969). These four scholars differ substantially from each other in outlook and method, and the articles by Dunn and Hart seem to us more valuable than the two books mentioned; on the latter book, see Margaret Chaplin's review, BHS, 48 (1971), 58-60.

«Hic jacet Lincoln, rex quondam rexque futurus», Franciplegius: Medieval and Linguistic Studies in Honor of Francis Peabody Magoun (New York, 1965), pp. 304-14. Raglan, The Hero: A Study in Tradition, Myth and Drama (London, 1936).

See Margaret Chaplin's forthcoming study of formulaic style in the Spanish epic.